Why CISOs Struggle to Answer the Board's Three Hardest Questions, and How to Fix the Report

This article highlights a common problem for CISOs: difficulty answering board questions about security due to fragmented data across numerous security tools. The core issue isn't a lack of tools, but a lack of shared context between them. The article proposes a solution called Cybersecurity Mesh Architecture (CSMA), which focuses on correlating data from existing tools to visualize attack paths and translate exposure into financial terms, moving beyond simple activity metrics. It emphasizes a shift from defending spend to reporting measurable risk reduction.